Analysis of Primary User Arrival & Departure in Routing Protocol for Cognitive Radio Sensor Network

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• Create Date 5 August, 2025
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Authors  : Amit N. Thakare , Dr. L. G. Malik , Mrs. Achamma Thomas

Abstract – Wireless sensor network is used as wide area for communication technologies, Due to increasing the number of applications over the telecommunication network there is need of development of next generation wireless sensor network, which is used by the application. There is need to divert towards the next generation communication network. All the users are depends on cognitive technology because of self-organization technology as an autonomous system. The each node is capable and behaves like cognitive users. As the space is available the users can occupy the space and used it as autonomy and transfer the data from one user to other user. Each node senses it and own and others condition of states such as ideal state, busy state, sleep state and works accordingly. The arrival rate and departure rate of each user results into the congestion in the network and due to that the delay is possible, thus traffic is burst. Due to the heavy load in the network the faults occurs and packets may drop. The rate of packet dropping is more due to heavy load. All the sensor nodes deployed in the region of any applications are gather data and send the data to their respective neighboring nodes and send it to the base station. Here the single-sink multiple channels and multiple sink multiple channels are considered to analyzed the network performance. We try to develop the efficient fault-tolerant protocol for cognitive radio sensor networks motivated from the ant colony optimization with primary user (PU) arrival and departure prediction.